Radio frequency (RF) refers to the part of the electromagnetic spectrum where electromagnetic waves can be generated by alternating current fed to an antenna. It spans from around 3 kHz to 300 GHz. RF ...

Compared to the simple diode needed to demodulate AM radio signals, the detector circuits used for FM are slightly more complicated. Wrapping your head around phase detectors, ratio detectors, ...

Modern oscilloscopes capture, view, measure, and analyze complex RF signals in the time, frequency, and modulation domains. Time-domain analysis, the original oscilloscope function, allows users to ...

Modulation is the act of translating some low-frequency or baseband signal (voice, music, and data) to a higher frequency. Why do we modulate signals? There are at least two reasons: to allow the ...

Modulation transfer spectroscopy (MTS) has emerged as a pivotal technique in modern atomic physics and optical metrology. By utilising the nonlinear interaction between a modulated pump beam and an ...

In quantum devices, frequency modulation is utilized in controlling interactions. A new article discusses the physics of frequency modulation in superconducting quantum circuits, ultracold atoms, ...

A 50-MHz FM signal is desired to have a frequency deviation of 24 kHz. The output of early stages of the transmitter is a 5-MHz signal with a frequency deviation of 4 kHz. How can the desired output ...